[1] "A Survey of Canada," insert in The Economist, July 24-30/99.

[2] Labour on Trade Issue 15, Nov/99, pg 10.

[3] "A Survey of Canada," insert in The Economist, July 24-30/99, pg 6.

[4] I argue that the GDP is not a useful measure -- so why did I just quote it? Because it's the standard reference, accepted and approved by conventional wisdom. Even to challenge conventional wisdom, we have to use the conventional wisdom that we challenge!

[5] For a more complete explanation of this see Andy Turnbull, The Numbers Game Red Ear Publishing, Toronto, 2001.

[6] G. Cameron and P. Cross, "The Importance of Exports to GDP and Jobs," Canadian Economic Observer, published by Statistics Canada, Nov/99.

[7] The Economist, July 24/99, insert "A Survey of Canada." The numbers on foreign trade as a percentage of GDP appear on pg 5 of the insert.

[8] Reuters news story, Nov 21/00, "Belching smoke from European ships is becoming Europe's biggest source of acid rain" based on a report by a consultant to the European Commission.

[9] Numbers on oil spills are available on the US Coast Guard website. The numbers quoted are from the table "Volume of spill by source, gallons".

[10] Edward Tenner, Why Things Bite Back -- technology and the revenge of unintended consequences, A. A. Knopf, New York, 1997, pg 91.

[11] Reuters news story, "Greenpeace calls for ban on toxic ship paints," Sept 6, 2000. See also Reuters, Nov 3/98, "Marine life dying from boat paint pollution."

[12] Peter Godspeed, "Fishless seas feared as global stocks on the point of collapse," National Post, May 2/05, pg A6.

[13] Sea lamprey, ruffe, round goby, zebra mussel, spiny water flea and other invaders are the subject of numerous pamphlets produced by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, and other official bodies.

[14] "Pressure deflates child labor in soccer ball plants," Toronto Star, Dec 16/96, final, pg A12.
Norbert Hahn, "Ministers meet over child labour: 250 million children work," Deutsche Presse-Agentur, Feb 24/97.
Tahir Ikram, "Work is no ball for children," The Guardian, Jan 13/97, pg 12.

[15] David Korten, When Corporations rule the World, Kumarian Press and Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 1995, pg 232.

[16] AP story, "New UN survey doubles the number of child laborers, 250 million slave for others, labor agency calculates" Toronto Star, Nov 21/96 final edition, pg A19.

[17] Andrew Cockburn, "21st Century Slaves," National Geographic, Sept/03, pp 2-25.

[18] Counterpunch, Jan 1-15, 1995.

[19] Jack Cole, "End Prohibition Now!" www.leap.cc cites Roy Walmsley, World Prison Population List (Fourth Edition) (London, England, UK: Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate, 2003), pg 1, from the web at http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/r188.pdf last accessed April 29, 2003; and US Census Bureau, Population Division, from the web at http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html accessed July 8, 2003.

[20] Jeremy Rifkin, The European Dream, Jeremy P. Tarcher, New York, 2004, pg 53, 82.

[21] unemployment figures are from Statistics Canada website, www.statcan.ca.

[22] Specific numbers in 1993 ranged from a low of 19% in Ottawa and Regina to a high of 50% in Chicoutimi and Jonquiere. See Canadian Labour Congress', Unemployment Insurance Bulletin, Vol 2 No 1, Aug/99. The information is also available on the internet, http://www.clc-ctc.ca/policy//ui/takenaway.html.

[23] Dorothy Lipovenko, "Men who retire early face poverty, study says Singles, those without private pensions fare worst" The Globe and Mail Dec 6/1995, pg A12.

[24] part time employees as a percentage of the total work force, chart by Report on Business magazine, Feb/97, original source Dun and Bradstreet Canada, quoted by Mel Hurtig in Pay the Rent or Feed the Kids pg 132.

[25] unemployment in the depression, figures from Thelma Liesener, One Hundred Years of Economic Statistics, Facts on File, New York, 1989.

[26] CBC News "Disclosure, "Anchors Away, A Taxing Dilemma," broadcast: April 1, 2003.

[27] Eric Beauchesne, "$88B Flees Canada" National Post Mar 15/05, pg A1.

[28] Duncan Campbell, "Havens that have become a tax on the world's poor," The Guardian Sept 21/04.

[29] information from the Alliance of Manufacturers & Exporters Canada.

[30] Remember the all-new Ford Edsel of the 1950s? Except for cosmetics it was identical to the Ford Mercury of the same year. At about the same time as Ford spent millions of dollars to design the Edsel, English designer Alex Issigonis designed the Austin Mini with the engine mounted sideways to drive the front wheels. The Edsel is remembered only as a multi-million dollar blunder but the Mini provided a template for most of the cars we use today.